Therefore, D1(1,1), D1(1,2), and D1(1,3) are NaN values. m or remove that directory from your MATLAB path. D = pdist2 (X,Y,Distance) returns the distance between each pair of observations in X and Y using the metric specified by Distance. md","path":"README. between each pair of observations in the MX-by-N data matrix X and. Computes the distance between m points using Euclidean distance (2-norm) as the distance metric between the points. I want the haversine distance to be more specific. the program has this error: Struct contents reference from a non-struct array object. If you want the cosine, use 1-pdist2 (matrix1,matrix2,'cosine'). Therefore, D1(1,1), D1(1,2), and D1(1,3) are NaN values. 女鬼剑第五职业曝光，预计2021年下半年开放！, 视频播放量 297098、弹幕量 191、点赞数 2977、投硬币枚数 60、收藏人数 188、转发人数 1005, 视频作者 旭旭姥姥6868, 作者简介 合作qq1179267940 狗托水友交流3群：297210828，相关视频：第五件红18成了！！！宝哥红眼全身18还在继续中！If you have to implement the distance yourself (school assignment for instance) this is of absolutely no use to you, but if you just need to calculate the distance as an intermediate step for other calculations I highly recommend d = Pdist2(a,b, distance_measure) the documentation is on matlabs site. The. I need to find the minimum distance between the two bones, I am attaching two. Copy. d(u, v) = max i | ui − vi |. matlab Pdist2 with mahalanobis metric. 49140 0. But pdist2 might have a lot of overhead. 如果输入的是冗余的距离矩阵，将返回简洁的距离矩阵. Interchange between distance matrix and distance vector formats. Y = pdist (X, 'canberra') Computes the Canberra distance between the points. I also know that pdist2 can help reduce the time for calculation but since I am using version 7. example. Y = pdist (X, 'canberra') Computes the Canberra distance between the points. 59289 0. I also know that pdist2 can help reduce the time for calculation but since I am using version 7. 93847 0. 1、y = squareform (x) x 是对称的距离矩阵，对角线元素都为0，y=dist. lat<= loc. Sign in to comment. Same thing can be done with pdist2() but you'd need the Statistics and Machine Learning Toolbox to use pdist2(). 0. def test (trainY, testY, traingnd, testgnd, radius=2): # make sure trangnd and testgnd are flattened testgnd = testgnd. But of course you should plug in your actual data and results will probably be better. cdist (array, axis=0) function calculates the distance between each pair of the two collections of inputs. 这里 D 要特别注意，D 是一个长为m (m–1)/2的行向量. The pdist2 function is overkill for what you want to do. comparing histograms with matlab through pdist2. Compute the Euclidean distance between pairs of observations, and convert the distance vector to a matrix using squareform. Copy. pydist2 is a python library that provides a set of methods for calculating distances between observations. Because symbolic variables are assumed to be complex by default, the norm can contain unresolved calls to conj and abs. Mahalanobis Distance with a three variables vector. % ZJ is an m2-by-n matrix containing multiple observations. 78874218621840] Your third party file c:\toolbox\classify\pdist2. For a 2D input case, you can define a kernel function that takes two inputs and returns a scalar value. Ignore that code (I'll delete it) and use this instead: timeStamps = rand (numPoints1, 1) % Sample data. % Autor: Ana C. pl)Homer contains a useful, all-in-one program for performing peak annotation called annotatePeaks. Posible causa 3: el modo AHCI se encuentra desactivado. SVM will also do that. g. ind = dsearchn (tmpref, tmptar); But knnsearch is tested ⵜ to be faster than dsearchn in this case. D = pdist2 ( X,Y, Distance, DistParameter) 指定的度量返回距离。. Note that the. distfun must. cityblockSimilarity. Sign in to your MathWorks Account or create a new one. mat file and we'll show you how you can use pdist2() to find close points. image = 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0. pdist2 Pairwise distance between two sets of observations. D = pdist2 (X,Y,Distance) returns the distance between each pair of observations in X and Y using the metric specified by Distance. Based on your location, we recommend that you select: . You can rate examples to help us improve the quality of examples. 4. My code: function dist = distance (x1, y1, x2, y2) dist = abs ( (x1 - x2) + (y1 - y2)); It seems correct to me but i'd just like to make sure. Show -1 older comments Hide -1 older comments. 可以这样理解 D 的生成：首先生成一个 X 的距离方阵，由于该方阵是对称的，且对角线上的元素为0，所以取此方阵的下三角元素. sir is there any function to reduce row size. remoteBlockExecution (line 15) Worker 11: Warning: Converting input data to double. Sorted by: 1. Along the diagonal are the matching row cases. For example the not weighted RBF and sigmoid kernel can be computed as follows: K_rbf = exp (-gamma . Z (2,3) ans = 0. Matlab-pdist2函数用法. 2种计算方式，一种直接利用pdist计算，另一种. Compute the Euclidean distance. Matlab 距离函数pdist pdist2. D = pdist2 (X,Y) returns a matrix D containing the Euclidean distances. % Autor: Ana C. for example,I have a binary image like this. k2 = dsn (single (x),single (xi)); but this is still not enough for me. For further examples and tests, run. 2. pdist2 Pairwise distance between two sets of observations. and the reshape() gives a 2D array. Given the matrix mx2 and the matrix nx2, each row of matrices represents a 2d point. I need to build a for loop to calculate the pdist2 between the first row of A and all the rows of B, the second row of A. sir is there any function to reduce row size. Learn more about matrix manipulation, distance, pdist2, matlab function, indexing, matrix, arrays MATLAB I was wondering if there is a built in matlab fucntion that calculates the distance between two arrays that don't have the same column number like in pdist2? I was told that by removing unnecessary for loops I can reduce the execution time. In your example code you compute the distance between two points. Note: the documentation mentions about using pdist2 out of a third party toolbox. @all, thanks a lot. An m A by n array of m A original observations in an n -dimensional space. D can also be a more general dissimilarity vector or matrix that conforms to the output format of pdist or pdist2, respectively. mahal. Use. Different behaviour for pdist and pdist2. Different behaviour for pdist and pdist2. @AliEmara Have you noticed if Matlab is using virtual memory (disk cache) due to lack of physical RAM? If that's what's slowing things down, you could use pdist2 several times, passing it the whole matrix and small chunks of the same matrix –pdist2 两组观测之间的成对距离 句法 D = pdist2(X,Y,Distance) D = pdist2(X,Y,Distance,DistParameter) D = pdist2(___,Name,Value) [D,I] = pdist2(___,Name,Value) 描述 D= pdist2(X,Y,Distance)中的每一对观测之间的距离。X和Y使用Distance. MatrixXT<double> pdist2(const MatrixXT<double>&,const. I've found the right answer (by Gunther Struyf): Sort Coordinates Points in Matlab. m from the command line and get the following error: HW3. . example. out. This module contains two main interfaces which provides the following functionalities: pdist1 calculates the pairwise distances between points in one vector and returns a vector which represents the distance between the observations. Later on, after some calculations with the newly transformed matrix, I need to convert it back to the original size in order to display the image. ), however at the end, it shows an important message. 9448. In this workflow, you must pass training data, which can be of considerable size. spatial. 0. It computes the distances between rows of X. However, generally the manual calculation is slightly faster or. If you want to order the points from B by their distance to the r th point in A then you can sort the r th row of the pairwise distance matrix. , is a vector of length ), (2,3),. TagsIt should be as simple as using two nested for loops but I can't get anything to make sense of it. You can use various metrics to determine the distance, described next. 判别分析时，通常涉及到计算两个样本之间的距离，多元统计学理论中有多种距离计算公式。MATLAB中已有对应函数，可方便直接调用计算。距离函数有：pdist, pdist2, mahal, squareform, mdscale, cmdscale. 欧氏距离(Euclidean Distance) 欧氏距离是最易于理解的一种距离计算方法，源自欧氏空间中两点间的距离公式。(1)二维平面上两点a(x1,y1)与b(x2,y2)间的欧. pdist1 and pdist2 The library can compute distances between pair of observations in one vector using pdist1, and distances between pair of observations in two vectors using pdist2. Hello, I am using matlab 2019a and I am trying to sort points based on comparing the distance between them. Then, for the second set, at each iteration, it will set the (i,j) location to 0 and calculate. pdist2 computes the distance between all pairs of points of the two inputs. kmedoids can use any distance metric supported by pdist2 to cluster. The code seems to run fine, but when calling predict I get the following warning: Theme. The bwdist () compute the distance transform of all points. Learn more about pdist2 Statistics and Machine Learning Toolbox. 您可以指定 DistParameter 只有当 Distance 是 'seuclidean', 'minkowski' ，或 'mahalanobis'. Very clever - I wouldn't have thought about the pdist2 function (+1). Accepted Answer. % Autor: Ana C. D = pdist2 (X,Y,Distance,DistParameter,'Largest',K) computes the distance using the metric specified by Distance and DistParameter and returns the K largest pairwise distances in descending order. How to find closest Lat/Lon on a grid to an. Hot Network Questions Probability threshold in ROC curve analyses Can one walk across the border between Singapore and Malaysia via the Johor–Singapore Causeway at any time in the day/night? Using `any` to indicate a wildcard value. m. ,an｝，将它们按大小顺序排列，取中间的那个值作为滤波器的输出。 @Lukas Gaßmann Start your own question with your EEG data attached in a . For each fixed number of clusters, pass the corresponding clustf. It will give you the best groups in aggregate that are farthest away though it's possible some from group1 are closer to some points in group2 that you'd prefer. Show us your code so we can confirm it. 三、pdist2. i. out = 1×10. Inputs are converted to float type. file began to complain that "??index=linspace (1,size (points,1),size (points,1)); is the strangest way I've seen of simply doing: Theme. Z (2,3) ans = 0. In the meantime, try the code below and if it helps you click on the Vote button near my top answer. It can be calculated as follows: D = A*B' + (1-A)* (1-B)'; The final distance measure can be done by testing for each pair. Here pdist2(XN,XM). Q&A for work. Sign in to comment. of matlab I do not have the pdist2 function. pattern = [1 2 3]; out = cellfun (@ (x) ~isempty (strfind (x,pattern)),C) %// or as suggested by Luis Mendo out = cellfun (@ (x) isequal (x,pattern),C) ind = find (out) if the order within the arrays does not matter, also the following using ismember and all is. Z (2,3) ans = 0. I need to build a for loop to calculate the pdist2 between the first row of A and all the rows of B, the second row of A. d = pdist2 (first_xyz, second_xyz); [mindist, idx] = min (d, [], 2); Here first_xyz and second_xyz should be something-by-3 arrays of x, y, z coordinates. For example pdist2() and thresholding will get two groups - those that are closer than some distance and those that are farther away than some distance. You can use pdist2 to compute all distances and then pick the minimal distance. PDIST2 introducido principalmente, otros pueden. If we want to implement this in Eigen, a C++ library for doing linear algebra much in the same manner as in Matlab, we can do it in the following way,so I do that for every point, to find the distance to every other point. squareform returns a symmetric matrix where Z (i,j) corresponds to the pairwise distance between observations i and j. Upgrade is not an option. I have two data sets of different sizes, one of which is a nx2 matrix of latitude, longitude. The distance between each sample in A and each sample in B can be calculated as follows: First, define a matrix D of size 75x50, s. squareform returns a symmetric matrix where Z (i,j) corresponds to the pairwise distance between observations i and j. I am using the fitrgp() to fit a Gaussian Regression model to generated data. Categorizing query points based on their distance to points in a training data set can be a simple yet effective way of classifying new points. 看看这是否会给你带来与. Nov 8, 2013 at 9:26. longitude >= loc. In human motion analysis, a commond need is the computation of the distance between defferent point sets. For each observation in Y, PDIST2 finds the K smallest or largest distances by computing and comparing the distance values to all the observations in X. For example, you can find the distance between observations 2 and 3. Let X be an m-by-p matrix representing m points in p-dimensional space and Y be an n-by-p matrix representing another set of points in the same space. {"payload":{"allShortcutsEnabled":false,"fileTree":{"classify":{"items":[{"name":"private","path":"classify/private","contentType":"directory"},{"name":"Contents. for k = 1:length (BLOCK) plot (TIME (k),BLOCK (k)) if k == 1. To save memory, the matrix X can be of type boolean. % pairwise mahalanobis distance with pdist2() E = pdist2(X,Y,'mahalanobis',S); % outputs an 50*60 matrix with each ij-th element the pairwise distance between element X(i,:) and Y(j,:) based on the covariance matrix of X: nancov(X) %{ so this is harder to interpret than mahal(), as elements of Y are not just compared to the "mahalanobis-centroid" based on X, % but to each individual element of. spatial. I have a matrix that looks like this:Description. Return the Cholesky decomposition, L * L. I think it is not correct. 这里 D 要特别注意，D 是一个长为m (m–1)/2的行向量. 1. If a is m x r and b is n x r then. 0. %. m. Input array. U = triu (A,k) returns the elements on and above the kth diagonal of A. The double-loop above has O(N²) complexity. CHAPTER ONE PYDIST2 pydist2isapythonlibrarythatprovidesasetofmethodsforcalculatingdistancesbetweenobservations. I would like to use the command pdist2 in order to compute distance between two geographical coordinates. D = pdist2 (___, Name,Value) 使用. Sorted by: 1. distfun must return an m2-by-1 vector of distances d2, whose kth element is the distance between XI. A lazy way to do this is addpath (genpath (yalmiprootdirectory)) If you want to be even lazier, simply run the following code in the directory where you want to install YALMIP. Can someone help me to draw lines between a central point to the all others. Therefore, D1(1,1), D1(1,2), and D1(1,3) are NaN values. index = 1:size (points, 1); In some places you use length (points). Sir, actually the block[50 X 6] contains 'minutiae' information which contains the following data in columns [X, Y, CN, Theta, Flag, 1]and rows contains number of minutiae information on the dorsalhandvein. between each pair of observations in the MX-by-N data matrix X and. Ultimately, the idea is that all the sparse. % Learning toolbox. [D,I] = pdist2(X, X, 'squaredeuclidean', 'Smallest', k+1); D = D < threshold; W = zeros. Instruction to use the function in the files. The most efficient pairwise distance computation. No. Assume I have two sets of matrix (A and B), inside each matrix contains few point coordinates, I want to find out point in B nearest to A and output a cell array C listed the nearest point pair coordinates accordingly and one cell array D register the unpaired spot, how should I do it?To be more specific, here is what I want. pdist is working fine and the stats toolbox is set in the path. You can use various metrics to determine the distance, described next. normal,'jaccard'); end. You can specify DistParameter only when Distance is 'seuclidean', 'minkowski', or. Feb 25, 2018 at 9:36. Fowzi barznji on 16 Mar 2020. Copy. To check the existence of a local variable: if 'myVar' in locals (): # myVar exists. Pair distribution functions were calculated using Matlab’s ‘pdist2’. Security purpose: Face recognition is turning out to be the most common method to maintain the security of the individual/organization. NaN NaN NaN NaN 1 2 2 NaN 3 1. . We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. D = pdist2 (X,Y,@CalcDist) function D2=CalcDist (ZI,ZJ) % calculation of distance. You can also use the Image Labeler to train a custom classifier to use with this System object. I thought ij meant i*j. You can also do this using a combination of pdist2 ⬥ and min instead of knnsearch (in line 6). Python pdist2 Examples. I am most confused as how to compile each coordinate set so that each point is assigned a space in 2-D. Use pdist2 with 'hamming' distance [D I] = pdist2( A, B, 'hamming', 'Smallest', 1 ); Share. e. You are using pdist2 with two equal input arguments ( X and Y are equal when you call kernel ). 一、pdist 和 pdist2 是MATLAB中用于计算距离矩阵的两个不同函数，它们的区别在于输入和输出以及一些计算选项。选项：与pdist相比，pdist2可以使用不同的距离度量方式，还可以提供其他选项来自定义距离计算的行为。输出：距离矩阵是一个矩阵，其中每个元素表示第一组点中的一个点与第二组点中的. A= [0 0, -5. The matrix I contains the indices of the observations in X corresponding to the distances in D. Maybe the differences are due to the incorrect use of the indexes i and j. . D = pdist2(X,Y) returns a matrix D containing the Euclidean distances between each pair of observations. ') %//' %// Use DIFF to get a logical array of repetitions and %// use. Given a matrix A of size [N,3] and a matrix B of size [M,3], you can use the pdist2 function to get a matrix of size [M,N] containing all the pairwise distances. end. Every time I want to use pdist2, I get the following error: Undefined function 'pdist2mex' for input arguments of type 'double'. D = PDIST2(X,Y) returns a matrix D containing the Euclidean distances between each pair of observations in the MX-by-N data matrix X and MY-by-N data matrix Y. It's too slow right now because there are so many dots. To check if an object has an attribute: if hasattr (obj, 'attr_name'): #. Thus if you input a matrix with N points and one with M points, you get N*M distances. longitude. To save memory on the device, you can separate training and prediction by using kmeans and pdist2, respectively. function D2 = DISTFUN(ZI,ZJ)This can be done in pdist2. 9448. Distance Metrics 장치의 메모리를 절약하기 위해 각각 kmeans와 pdist2를 사용하여 훈련과 예측을 분리할 수 있습니다. Location,labels) colormap (hsv (numClusters)) title ( 'Point Cloud Clusters')Select a Web Site. Rows of X and Y correspond to observations, and columns correspond to variables. I am looking for an alternative to this. function Distance = euclidean (x,y) % This function replaces the function pdist2 available only at the Machine. In human motion analysis, a commond need is the computation of the distance between defferent point sets. I make a calcul between each point : Distance = pdist2 (X,X); But sometimes I have a problem of memory. 的样本平均值. m","path":"FastMICE_ConsensusFunction. pdist2: Compute pairwise distance between two sets of vectors. i. Learn more about for loop, matrix, matlab, pdist MATLAB. When working with a large number of. Learn more about matlab, pdist2, matrixpdist2 function. . The result comes with so much noise and i cannot see the result of length measurement. de 2022 I'm trying to use the pdist2 function and keep getting this error: "??? Undefined function or method 'pdist2'. pdist2 computes the distances between observations in two matrices and also returns a distance matrix. See inline comments for details (some of which are important). Unlike pdist, pdist2 takes two sets of data X = { x i } i = 1 m and Y = { y j } j = 1 m and compute m n number of pairwise distances for all i and j. 4 Descriptive measures of linear association between X and Y It follows from SST = SSR+SSE that 1= SSR SST + SSE SST where • SSR SST is the proportion of Total sum of squares that can be explained/predicted by the predictor X • SSE SST is the proportion of Total sum of squares that caused by the random effect. Input array. Adding a "hold on" command means that anything that you plot will not clear the existing graph, but just plot on top of what is already there. #else ：关闭前面的条件编译，如果没有定义前面指定的符号，打. Follow answered Jan 14, 2014 at 17:10. A pixel is an element of a matrix that represents something (like reflectance) of a certain scene. This norm is also. OK. - GitHub - nolanbconaway/pairdist: A MATLAB function to compute weighted pairwise distances. m file or add it as a file on the MATLAB® path. to see if you have multiple pdist2, and use pathtool to make sure that the Statistics Toolbox one is earlier on your search path. MY-by-N data matrix Y. tumor,F (i). Show -1 older comments Hide -1 older comments. computes the distance between objects in the data matrix, , using the method. The most efficient pairwise distance computation. % ZI is a 1-by-n vector containing a single observation. Not efficient, but a fun alternative :) – Divakar. Copy. md","path":"README. I would like to use the command pdist2 in order to compute distance between two geographical coordinates. {"payload":{"allShortcutsEnabled":false,"fileTree":{"":{"items":[{"name":"+evaluation","path":"+evaluation","contentType":"directory"},{"name":"BLUFR","path":"BLUFR. Additionally, we provide the option of validating smooth histogram clustering (by setting smooth. Given a matrix A of size [N,3] and a matrix B of size [M,3], you can use the pdist2 function to get a matrix of size [M,N] containing all the pairwise distances. how can I add a dot product as a distance function in pdist of matlab. Otherwise, you need to create the function at the end of your . Vote. Keystone paper codes Requires MATLAB 2019a or newer. D = PDIST2(X,Y) returns a matrix D containing the Euclidean distances between each pair of observations in the MX-by-N data matrix X and MY-by-N data matrix Y. % generate some example data N = 4 M. You can specify DistParameter only when Distance is 'seuclidean', 'minkowski', or. example. end. D = pdist2 (X,Y,Distance,DistParameter) returns the distance using the metric specified by Distance and DistParameter. Say a gaussian process regression take with predictor X in 2D, i. Free MATLAB and Simulink learning resources include interactive online courses, documentation and code examples, and how-to videos on product capabilities. Quick Start. remoteBlockExecutionPlain (line 49) In spmdlang. I don’t know what format your latitude and longitude arrays are (I assume decimal degrees rather than ‘d:m:s’). I've tried applying the funtion pdist2 with the added argument angdiff but I get the. But in the example, I need to put the whole matrix something like this. pdist2 computes the distances between observations in two matrices and also returns a distance matrix. pdist2 equivalent in MATLAB version 7. For example, you can find the distance between observations 2 and 3. cosine. Copy. Este es un modo muy necesario para aprovechar al máximo el SSD; si no se encuentra habilitado, tu SSD. Compute the Euclidean distance between pairs of observations, and convert the distance vector to a matrix using squareform. 3 Comments. But in your case the matrix has only rank D = PDIST2 (X,Y,DISTANCE, 'Largest',K) returns the K largest pairwise distances sorted in descending order. I want to use the Manhattan Distance and I have a definition for it, so how the heuristic for it should be calculated, but I am not sure if it is correct. ) Y = pdist (X,'. [D,I] = pdist2(P, G, 'euclidian', 'Smallest', 1); Where G is the grid and P is your m-by-2 array of points to test. hold on. Parameters: u (N,) array_like. Réponse acceptée. 获得无限制的在线版访问权限。. I would like to use the command pdist2 in order to compute distance between two geographical coordinates. There will only be one smallest distance. tic; d2 = pdist2 (p1,pn); t2 (p) = toc; end. For a dataset made up of. 用来把一个向量格式的距离向量转换成一个方阵格式的距离矩阵，反之亦然。. Choose a web site to get translated content where available and see local events and offers. pdist supports various distance metrics: Euclidean distance, standardized Euclidean distance, Mahalanobis distance, city block distance, Minkowski distance, Chebychev distance, cosine distance, correlation distance, Hamming distance, Jaccard distance, and Spearman. I use the pdist2 function to calculate the the distance between the points stored in matricies. A “good” model should have largepdist2 in numpy? (compute pairwise distance between rows in two matrices) 0. This way, you offload the bother of vectorization to the people who wrote MATLAB/Octave (and they have done a pretty good job of it) X = rand (10,3); Y = rand (5,3); D = pdist2 (X, Y); D is now a 10x5 matrix where the i, j th. D = pdist2(X,Y) returns a matrix D containing the Euclidean distances between each pair of observations in the MX-by-N data matrix X and function Distance = euclidean (x,y) % This function replaces the function pdist2 available only at the Machine. >>> n_new_companies, n_new,. calculate_distance. Shai Shai. Learn more about mahalanobis, mahal, pdist2, pairwise, difference, versus . Is there any function in Matlab that can take two vectors (not necessarily of the same size) and apply a binary function on every pair of the vector's elements resulting in a matrix n1xn2, where n1 and n2 are the lengths of the input vectors?Note: If you use the live script file for this example, the clustf function is already included at the end of the file. After the preliminaries are out of the way, pdist2 has the following-- % Call a mex file to compute distances for the build-in distance measures % on non-sparse real float (double or single) data. allDist = squareform ( pdist2 ( set1, set2 ) ); [minDist nni] = min ( allDist, [], 2 ); Now minDist holds the minimal distance of each point in set1 to its nearest-neighbor ( set2 (nni) ). In order to visualize the final result just add to Gunther's code the following lines: row=data (:,1); col=data (:,2); figure scatter (row,col,'r'); hold on line (row (result),col (result)); The following code shows the same algorithm but for a 3D. You can specify DistParameter only when Distance is 'seuclidean', 'minkowski', or. Is it possible to make these matrix operations without loops in python 2. My question is why applying the mean-function over the output of pdist2() in c. How does condensed distance matrix work? (pdist) scipy. pydist2 is a python library that provides a set of methods for calculating distances between observations. comparison of two histograms using pdist2. Learn more about pdist2 Statistics and Machine Learning Toolbox. Read tabular data from an ascii file. NaN NaN NaN NaN 1 2 2 NaN 3 1. 3 Answers. This can be done in pdist2. pdist(X, metric='euclidean', *, out=None, **kwargs) [source] #. Try something like E = pdist2 (X,Y-mean (X),'mahalanobis',S); to see if that gives you the same results as mahal. spatial. 4 Answers. Computes the Euclidean distance between rows of two matrices. Warning: Converting non-floating point data to single. Rows of X and Y correspond to observations, That is, it works on the ROWS of the matrices. You need to wrap the distance function, like I demonstrated in the following example with the Levensthein distance.